Dialogue

Vocabulary

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, season 2, lesson 19 -How do you spend your leisure time in Russia? I’m Yuriy.
Elena: А я Елена. Привет. I’m Elena.
Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn about alternations in verb conjugation.
Elena: This conversation takes place in the street and is between Ben and Nika.
Yuriy: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Russian. Okay! Let’s listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Бен: Ника! Привет! Ты откуда идёшь?
Ника: Привет! Рада тебя видеть. Я возвращаюсь с тренировки.
Бен: А, точно! Ты же занимаешься плаванием в свободное время.
Ника: Нет, плавание я давно бросила. Я уже как три года занимаюсь конным спортом.
Бен: И тебе не страшно? А вдруг упадешь с лошади….
Ника: Нет, совсем не страшно. Ты же знаешь, я очень люблю лошадей. И лошадь чувствует, когда человек боится, поэтому бояться нельзя ни в коем случае. Главное, быть уверенным в себе.
Бен: Здорово. Может и мне попробовать?
Yuriy: Now let’s hear it with the English translation.
Бен: Ника! Привет! Ты откуда идёшь?
Yuriy: Nika! Hi! Where are you coming from?
Ника: Привет! Рада тебя видеть. Я возвращаюсь с тренировки.
Yuriy: Hi! I’m glad to see you. I’m returning from training.
Бен: А, точно! Ты же занимаешься плаванием в свободное время.
Yuriy: Oh, right! You swim in your free time.
Ника: Нет, плавание я давно бросила. Я уже как три года занимаюсь конным спортом.
Yuriy: No, I gave up swimming a long time ago. I’ve been horseback riding for three years.
Бен: И тебе не страшно? А вдруг упадешь с лошади….
Yuriy: Aren't you afraid? What if you fall off the horse ....
Ника: Нет, совсем не страшно. Ты же знаешь, я очень люблю лошадей. И лошадь чувствует, когда человек боится, поэтому бояться нельзя ни в коем случае. Главное, быть уверенным в себе.
Yuriy: No, I’m not afraid at all. You know, I love horses. And the horse feels when a man is afraid, so you shouldn’t be afraid in any case. The main thing is to be confident.
Бен: Здорово. Может и мне попробовать?
Yuriy: Cool! Maybe I could also try...
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Yuriy: Elena, how do Russians prefer to spend their leisure time?
Elena: Well, of course it depends on the person. But according to the statistics, watching TV at home is the undisputed leader among all other kinds of activities!
Yuriy: Really? I was sure Russians preferred to spend their free time with friends and relatives.
Elena: Well, that took second place. Even now the value of family and friendship in Russian society is really high.
Yuriy: That’s good. Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab.
Vocab list
Yuriy: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
: The first word we shall see is:
Elena: плавание [natural native speed]
Yuriy: swimming
Elena: плавание [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: плавание [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: тренировка [natural native speed]
Yuriy: training
Elena: тренировка [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: тренировка [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: конный спорт [natural native speed]
Yuriy: horseback riding
Elena: конный спорт [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: конный спорт [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: заниматься [natural native speed]
Yuriy: to be engaged in
Elena: заниматься [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: заниматься [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: быть уверенным [natural native speed]
Yuriy: to be sure, to be confident
Elena: быть уверенным [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: быть уверенным [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: бояться [natural native speed]
Yuriy: to be afraid of, to fear
Elena: бояться [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: бояться [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: ни в коем случае [natural native speed]
Yuriy: by no means, in no case
Elena: ни в коем случае [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: ни в коем случае [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: бросить [natural native speed]
Yuriy: to throw, to quit, to give up
Elena: бросить [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: бросить [natural native speed]
: Next:
Elena: возвращаться [natural native speed]
Yuriy: to return
Elena: возвращаться [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: возвращаться [natural native speed]
: And Last:
Elena: лошадь [natural native speed]
Yuriy: horse
Elena: лошадь [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elena: лошадь [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. First up in this lesson is...
Elena: “быть уверенным” which can be translated as “to be sure,” and is a short version of the adjective “уверенный,” which means “confident” or “sure.”
Yuriy: The adjective “уверенный” is used when we talk about a person who is confident in himself and his abilities. It is also used when we say someone is convinced or that they strongly believe in something.
Elena: The masculine is - уверен, and the Feminine is - уверена
Yuriy: Elena, what are some examples?
Elena: Я уверен в себе.
Yuriy: “I am confident.”
Elena: Мне нравятся люди решительные и уверенные в себе.
Yuriy: “I like decisive and confident people.” Ok, what’s the next word?
Elena: The next word for this lesson is the verb “бросить,” which has three main meanings.
Yuriy: The first meaning of this verb is “to give up,” “to desist from,” or “to stop”. For example...
Elena: Я хочу бросить курить.
Yuriy: “I want to give up smoking.”
Elena: Он бросил свои научные исследования и переехал жить в деревню.
Yuriy: “He gave up his scientific research and moved to live in the village.” The next meaning is “to leave someone.” For example...
Elena: Он бросил свою семью и ушел жить к другой.
Yuriy: “He left his family and went to live with another woman.”
Elena: Я никогда не брошу друзей в беде.
Yuriy: “I'll never leave friends in trouble.” And the last meaning is “to throw.” For example...
Elena: бросать камень
Yuriy: “to throw a stone.” Ok, now onto the grammar.
GRAMMAR POINT
Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn about alternations in verb conjugation. As you may have noticed, a number of verbs have consonant alternations in their conjugation. In this lesson, you will find out about the main rules of such alternations.
Elena: As you know, Russian verbs have a stem, which consists of a prefix, root and suffix. For example, the verb “читать” meaning “to read” has the root “чит,” and the verb “писать” meaning “to write” has the root “пис.”
Yuriy: The rules of alternation depend on the final consonant of a verb’s stem and its conjugation group. Here is a rule. If a final stem consonant is г, д or з it will change to ж. For example…
Elena: резать, meaning “to cut,” will become - режу
Yuriy: т, ст and ск will change to щ
Elena: For example, чистить , meaning “to clean,” will become - чищу
Yuriy: с, х will change to ш. For example...
Elena: писать, meaning “to write,” becomes пишу.
Yuriy: Listeners, if a verb belongs to a First Conjugation ending in [-ать], the alternation occurs in all persons of the present tense. Elena, let’s give an example of this conjugation.
Elena: Ok, let’s take the verb писать meaning “to write.”
Yuriy: the conjugation will be…
Elena: Я - пишу
Ты - пишешь
Он , она , оно - пишет
Мы - пишем
Вы - пишете
Они - пишут
Yuriy: If a verb belongs to the Second Conjugation ending in [-ить], the alternation occurs only in 1st person, singular, present tense.
Elena: Let’s take the verb чистить, “to clean.”
Yuriy: As you know now, [ст] will change to [щ]. Because this verb belongs to the Second Conjugation ending in [-ить] the alternation occurs only in 1st person, singular. For example...
Elena:
Я - чищу
Ты - чистишь
Он , она , оно - чистит
Мы - чистим
Вы - чистите
Они - чистят
Yuriy: There are even more important rules outlined in the lesson notes, so be sure to check them out.

Outro

Yuriy: Okay, that brings us to the end of this lesson!
Elena: Спасибо, что были с нами.
Yuriy: See you next time. Bye everyone!
Elena: До скорой встречи!

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